The goal of Chandrayaan-3, a follow-up mission to Chandrayaan-2, is to show that it is possible to safely land and roam the lunar surface from start to finish. It has a configuration of Landers and Rovers. It will be launched by LVM3 from SDSC SHAR at Sriharikota. The lander and rover configuration will be carried to a 100 kilometer lunar orbit by the propulsion module. To investigate the spectral and Polari metric measurements of Earth from the orbit of the moon, the propulsion module is equipped with the Spectro-polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload.
Chandra’s Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) examines temperature and thermal conductivity; the Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) measures seismic activity at the landing site; and other payloads carried by landers and the Langmuir Probe (LP), which estimates plasma density and changes. NASA’s passive Laser Retroreflector Array is accommodated for lunar laser range studies.
Rover payloads include an Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) and a Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) for determining the elemental composition in the area of the landing site.
Chandrayaan-3 is a spacecraft designed to test and develop new technologies for interplanetary missions. It is composed of a Rover, a Propulsion module, and an indigenous Lander module (LM). The Lander will be able to soft land at a specific lunar spot and install the Rover, which will conduct in-situ chemical study of the lunar surface while it is mobile. The Lander and Rover carry research payloads to conduct investigations on the lunar surface. PM’s main responsibility is to move the lunar mass (LM) from launch vehicle injection to the final 100 km circular polar orbit of the moon and then remove the LM from PMOther than that, the Propulsion Module has one research payload that will be utilized after the Lander Module separates. The integrated module of Chandrayaan-3 will be placed in an Elliptic Parking Orbit (EPO) with dimensions of roughly 170 x 36500 kilometers by the LVM3 M4 rocket.
Chandrayaan-3’s mission objectives are :
1. Aimed at demonstrating safe and soft landings on the lunar surface.
2. Demonstrating Rover Roving on the Moon.
3. Conduct on-site scientific experiments.
Several innovative technologies are present in Lander to meet the mission objectives, such as:
1. Laser and radio frequency-based altimeters.
2. Velocity Measurements: Laser Doppler and Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera.
3. Inertial measurement using a laser gyroscope and accelerometer bundle.
4. T58N attitude thrusters, 800N throttleable liquid engines, and throttleable engine control electronics make up the propulsion system.
5. Design and associate software elements for Powered Descent Trajectory in Navigation, Guidance, and Control (NGC).
6. Hazard Detection and Avoidance for Landers. Camera and Processing Algorithm
7. landing Leg System.
Several Lander specific tests were designed and successfully carried out to demonstrate the aforementioned advanced technology on Earth.
1. Integrated Cold Test: This test uses a helicopter as a test platform to demonstrate the performance of integrated sensors and navigation.
2. Integrated Hot Test: This test uses a tower crane as a test platform to demonstrate the closed loop performance test with sensors, actuators, and NGC.
3. A test of the Lander Leg mechanism’s performance under various touch-down scenarios on a lunar simulator bed
